Assessing factors related to change the anti - diphtheria IgG antibodies in the age group from 5 to 40 in Khanh Hoa province in 2022

Abstract

Diphtheria is a disease that can be prevented with a vaccine containing the diphtheria component, in recent years, there have been sparse outbreaks of disease in Vietnam’s Central region. The study included 1.195 participants aged 5 - 40 in Khanh Hoa province to determine immune levels status and factors affecting anti-diphtheria toxin IgG antibodies. ROC curve analysis was used to predict the model’s effectiveness by assessing the area under the curve (AUC). The results indicated that the 5 - 10 age group had the highest safety protection threshold at 34.48%. With an AUC of 71.1% (95% CI [67.8% - 74.5%], p < 0.001); sensitivity of 55.8%; and specificity of 76.5%, the ROC curve analysis suggested classifying factors influencing IgG antibody response to diphtheria toxin, including BMI (OR = 0.96), age group (the lowest in the 11 - 20 age group (OR = 0.18)), and the living area. Early intervention strategies by diphtheria-containing vaccines are needed to protect the community with each age group and geographical area in the province.