The key breeding sites of Dengue vectors in sentinel sites of Kien Giang province, 2013 & 2023

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes and analyze changes in the Aedes vector based on data from 2013 and 2023. The research was conducted in Tho Son commune, Hon Dat district, and Kien Luong town, Kien Luong district, Kien Giang province, surveying 100 households per site in October 2023 using the household list from 2013 data. Results showed that in Tho Son, Aedes larvae and pupae were mainly found in standard jars with capacities over 100 liters, accounting for 74.1% in 2013 and decreasing to 45.6% in 2023. In Kien Luong town, Aedes larvae and pupae were concentrated in square tanks with 500L capacity, occupying 76.9% in 2013, while in 2023, they were found in barrels (29.2%) and plastic containers such as buckets and tubs (21.5%). Regarding Aedes vector composition, the proportion of Aedes aegypti decreased, while the proportion of Aedes albopictus increased. Larval indices, including the House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), and Breteau Index (BI), decreased in 2023 but remained high (BI > 30), indicating a continued risk of outbreak. The study recommends regular surveillance to assess changes in larval habitats over time.