Epidemiological and serological characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis among children under 5 years old at Vietnam National Pediatric Hospital, 2015 - 2021

Abstract

Study on a case series to describe the epidemiological and serological characteristics of meningitis cases confirmed by pneumococcal disease among children under 5 years old at the National Pediatric Hospital from 2015 - 2021. The results showed that the disease was present in all years, the highest in 2017 (21.1%). The disease is recorded in the months of the year, increasing in the first months of the year and the last months of the year. The disease concentrated in the group under 1 year old (71.9%), scattered in the age group from 2 to under 5. The prevalence was significantly higher in boys than in girls (58% vs 42%, p = 0.014). Most cases (97%) had a history of not being vaccinated with pneumococcal components, 3% had ever been vaccinated. The rate of cure (95%), 5% death and return home. Of the 17 serotypes identified for the period 2015 - 2021, the most common were 6A/B (27.6%), 14 (20.6%), 23F (13.6%), 19F (6.1). %). Other types have the ratio 19A (4.8%), 9V/9A (3.5%), 15A/15F (3.1%), 3 (0.9%), 12F/A/B/ 44/46 (0.9%), 16F (0.9%), 23A (0.9%), 1 (0.4), 23 (0.4%), 24 (0.4%), 11A /11D (0.4%), 18C/B/A/F (0.4%), 33F/A/37 (0.4%). Pneumococcal meningitis is a burden of disease for children, it is necessary to have solutions to increase the rate of pneumococcal vaccination.