Detecting SARS-CoV-2 by Realtime RT-PCR in clinical samples collected in the North of Vietnam

Abstract

From January to August 2020, Northern Viet Nam faced a COVID-19 outbreak, up to September 2020, there were 1122 confrmed cases of SARS-CoV-2, of which 465 cases were imported from Europe, America and Asia, 657 cases were identifed domestically. A total of 30,686 samples were collected during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Northern Viet Nam and examined by Real-time RT-PCR using primers and probe from Charite - Berlin protocol. This study showed the initial results of SARS-CoV-2 detection and RNA quantitative in positive samples. The positive rate was 0.8%, ranging from 0.4 to 3.5% according to collection sites. Out of 251 positive samples, the mean Ct value was 28 (IQR: 22.3-32; range 14 - 38). The positive samples had a Ct value below 30 was 68.5%, there was no signifcant difference between the Ct value of the group ≤ 30 and > 30. The mean of the RNA copies/µl was 8.4.107, (IQR: 2.29.106 - 1.83.109 RNA copies/µl, range: 1.95.103 – 4.95.1011). In the group of imported COVID-19 cases, the rate of virus at low level was 29%, an average was 56% and at high level was 15%. In the community groups, the viral load data showed that the average rate at low, intermediate and high level were 20%, 63% and 17% respectively. The proportion of high-level viral load may raise an alert to start the quarantine process to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2