Scoping review of risk and protective factors for maltreatment of children 13 - 15 yearsold from 2005 to 2023

Abstract

This review article aims to describe the risk and protective factors associated with child maltreatment. It reviews research from around the world and examines the role of schools in detecting and responding to child abuse between 2005 and 2023 for children aged 13 - 15. The findings indicate that factors such as young age, not attending school, disabilities, living in violent households, having divorced or high-risk parents, residing in social protection facilities, a culture that tolerates violence as a form of discipline, and lack of support services are significant risk factors. Conversely, protective factors include living in happy families, children having positive relationships with teachers, parents, and friends, and schools with intervention programs. The role of schools in detecting and responding to child abuse is critical. The study recommends that school systems work closely with child protection services to enhance screening and support interventions aimed at preventing and addressing child maltreatment.