Overview of some rare Laryngeal abnormalies

Abstract

This study was conducted with the aim to overview clinical characteristics and some interventions for congenital laryngeal anomalies in children. Using the overview method to search documents in the databases Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Google related to congenital laryngeal defects including laryngomalacia, vocal cord paralysis, congenital subglottic stenosis and laryngeal web. The results showed that laryngomalacia is the most common disease, accounting for 60% of cases. The second common is congenital vocal cord paralysis with about 20% of cases. Laryngeal web is rarer, accounting for 2% of cases. The most prominent symptom of laryngeal defects is stridor, accompanied with recurrent pneumonia and slow weight  gain. Flexible laryngoscopy is considered as the gold standard in diagnosing laryngeal malformations. The treatment of laryngeal anomalies in children still faces with many difficulties. In general, congenital laryngeal defects are still the major challenge in diagnosis and treatment in infants and young children for Pediatricians and Otolaryngologists.