Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: A rare clinical case report

Abstract

Ovulation hyperstimulation is a common complication in assisted reproductive techniques under the influence of exogenous gonadotropins. However, spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome – sOHSS) in non-stimulating patients is extremely rare. In the world, some clinical cases have been reported in single or multiple pregnancies, trophoblastic disease, hypothyroidism, pituitary tumors with or without pregnancy. We report a case of a 30-year-old patient, 9 weeks pregnant spontaneously, without stimulants, admitted to the hospital with a multifaceted effusion, hematocrit 0.55 l/l, decreased albumin, ultrasound showed 2 large sized eggs with many cysts. The diagnosis of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was made after ruling out cancer. After 3 weeks of treatment with aspiration albumin and fluid injection, the patient was discharged from the hospital in a stable condition. Currently, sOHSS is a rare syndrome, early detection and management of sOHSS is very important in preventing serious complications. Therefore, the obstetricians and gynaecologists should have a comprehensive understanding of the causes, mechanism of disease, algorithm to diagnosis, and also know how to rule out ovarian malignant tumors.