Characteristics of bacterial pathogens and the outcome of neonatal community-acquired pneumonia at Hai Phong Children's Hospital in 2019 – 2020

Abstract

The study aimed to describe the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria and the treatment results of community - acquired pneumonia in infants at Hai Phong Children’s Hospital from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. This is a retrospective descriptive study of 260 cases of CAP in neonates with nasopharyngeal fluid culture at Hai Phong Children’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. Among the detected pathogens, Gram-positive bacteria were dominant (67.3%). The most common bacteria were S. aureus (60.4%), H. influenzae (12.3%), M. catarrhalis (7.7%) and S. pneumoniae (6.5%). Most strains of S. aureus were still sensitive to some antibiotics such as amikacin (99.4%), vancomycin (96.8%) and ciprofloxacin (82.7%), but were resistant
to antibiotics such as penicillin (96.1%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (80.8%). Most strains of H. influenzae are still sensitive to meropenem (93.8%), vancomycin (93.8%) and the 3rd generation cephalosporins but were resistant to cotrimoxazole (80%), ampicillin/ sulbactam (96.9%) and azithromycin (71%). There were 6.5% of severe cases requiring
referral to the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital. CAP in neonates still requires efforts to reduce the rate of treatment failure and the risk of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria.