Antibiotic resistance of common bacteria in lower respiratory tract infection at Cho Ray hospital in 2021

Abstract

A cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted to describe the distribution of common bacteria and antibiotic resistance in lower respiratory tract infections at Cho Ray hospital in 2021. The results showed that 3,205 bacterial strains were isolated from sputum samples, the most common bacteria was
Acinetobacter baumannii (45.9%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.8%), Pseudomonas  aeruginosa (13.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (7.5%) and Escherichia coli (2.7%). Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant over  90% to most of the antibiotics such as the third and fourth-generation cephalosporins, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, carbapenem, fluoroquinolone; colistin resistance was recorded at 1%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highest resistant to ticarcillin/ clavulanic acid (78%), followed by carbapenem (68 - 70%), colistin-resistant rate was 2%.
The resistant rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenem was 64 - 70%. Staphylococcus aureus was highly resistant to antibiotics such as penicillin G (95%), erythromycin, and clindamycin (63 - 64%), especially more than 99% sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and rifampin. The rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 67%. In
lower respiratory tract infections, the common causative agent was Gram-negative bacteria with a relatively high rate of antibiotic resistance, especially resistance to carbapenem of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common Gram-positive bacteria and one case of vancomycin resistance was reported.