Mixing COVID-19 vaccines: A literature review

Abstract

Mixing different COVID-19 vaccines is not yet recommended by the manufacturer, but has been widely applied in many countries. This literature review was conducted to provide a fundamental for developing heterologous vaccine regimens against COVID-19 in Vietnam. Studies published from December 2019 to April 2022 from the database of PubMed, Google Scholar with pre-and post-intervention evaluation were selected. We found 32 studies, which indicated that the heterologus regimen with the second or booster dose of mRNA vaccine had adverse events occurring with similar or more frequently, induced a stronger humoral and cellular immune response, showed higher effectiveness than the homologous regimen. Therefore, mixing the
COVID-19 vaccines with the second or booster dose of the mRNA vaccine could provide a higher efficacy than the homologous regimen and heterologus regimen with an mRNA vaccine should be considered.